![]() ![]() When deciding which main points, facts, and examples to include, you should simply ask yourself whether they are relevant not only to the topic you have selected, but also whether they support the goal you outlined in your purpose statement. Purpose statements are especially helpful for guiding you as you prepare your speech. In short, a purpose statement clearly states what it is you would like to achieve. Public domain.īy honing in on a very specific topic, you begin the work of formulating your purpose statement. Now, her speech topic is two-pronged: bog turtle habitat and zoning rules. If the bog turtle enthusiast knows that she will be talking to a local zoning board and that she hopes to stop them from allowing businesses to locate on important bog turtle habitat, her topic can easily morph into something more specific. To resolve this problem, speakers must also consider the audience to whom they will speak, the scope of their presentation, and the outcome they wish to achieve. This is a very broad topic and could easily lead to a dozen different speeches. For instance, you might have decided that you really care about conserving habitat for bog turtles. Once you have answered these questions and narrowed your responses, you are still not done selecting your topic. It means that your entire speechwriting process will focus on something you find important and that you can present this information to people who stand to benefit from your speech. Starting with a topic you are already interested in will likely make writing and presenting your speech a more enjoyable and meaningful experience. David Zarefsky also identifies brainstorming as a way to develop speech topics, a strategy that can be helpful if the questions listed in the textbox did not yield an appropriate or interesting topic. The most important work that these questions do is to locate topics within your pre-existing sphere of knowledge and interest. There are other questions you might ask yourself, too, but these should lead you to at least a few topical choices. See the textbox entitled “Questions for Selecting a Topic” for a few questions that will help you choose a topic. Perhaps the simplest way to find a topic is to ask yourself a few questions. On the contrary, opportunities abound for those interested in engaging speech as a tool for change. More importantly, they speak when there is an opportunity to change a university policy or to alter the way students think or behave in relation to a particular event on campus.īut you need not run for president or student government in order to give a meaningful speech. In either case, it is the situation that makes their speeches appropriate and useful for their audience of students and university employees. Student government leaders, for example, speak or write to other students when their campus is facing tuition or fee increases, or when students have achieved something spectacular, like lobbying campus administrators for lower student fees and succeeding. Put simply, the rhetorical situation is the combination of factors that make speeches and other discourse meaningful and a useful way to change the way something is. Rhetorical theorist Lloyd Bitzer describes this as the rhetorical situation. ![]() In other words, their campaign for presidency, and its many related events, necessitates the creation of various speeches. When one of the candidates realizes he or she will not be successful, the particular circumstances change and the person must craft different kinds of speeches-a concession speech, for example. For instance, presidential candidates craft short policy speeches that can be employed during debates, interviews, or town hall meetings during campaign seasons. This is because all speeches are brought into existence as a result of circumstances, the multiplicity of activities going on at any one given moment in a particular place. The most common way that speakers discover topics is by simply observing what is happening around them-at their school, in their local government, or around the world. Generally, speakers focus on one or more interrelated topics-relatively broad concepts, ideas, or problems that are relevant for particular audiences. ![]()
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